An attempt on construction of GIS-assisted my flood hazard map through the extracurricular lesson in elementary school

Kazuya YASUHARA

Ibaraki University, Japan

An attempt was made to create GIS-assisted “my flood hazard map” through extracurricular lesson in summer at the elementary school in Jyoso City, Ibaraki, Japan after this region was attacked by the severe flood in 2015 caused by multiple Typhoon, causing the huge damage of infrastructures, residences and fatalities.  Nearly 150 pupils participated in the event together with their parents to collect information under the instruction of experts from NPO under the assistance of school teachers on which locations they feel are susceptible to inundation and flood based on experiences of their daily lives, and registered the results on GIS to construct the hazard map on the computer. The hazard map was created using the GIS-assisted soft ware called S-MAP produced by “NPO-GIS Research Institute-Ibaraki (GRI in abbreviation)”, Japan. Hazard map made by this way is a kind of bottom-up one which is different from the hazard map made by the government which is the top-down one. After practicing to construct the GIS-based bottom-up hazard map on the computer, we at NGO asked the pupils (i) to find the evacuation route by avoiding dangerous locations, (ii) to consider why those locations are dangerous, and then (iii) to think what precautions are needed during severe flooding. The following was the most important finding from the result of the extracurricular lesson in the elementary school in Joso City: when dangerous locations indicated by a pupil were superimposed in the GIS map, most locations agreed with locations in the hazard map produced by the central government. However, even outside the anticipated flood areas, inundated areas were indicated by pupils when no river flooding occurred because of concentrated water during torrential rainfall.  Therefore, it is concluded from the practice at Joso City that the bottom-up approach should be combined with the top-down approach in order to construct a more realistic hazard map for reducing damage from the flood in infrastructures and residences.  

KEYWORDS: GIS-assisted school education, flood hazard map, bottom-up approach

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